7. Computational Fluid Dynamics: Modeling and Analysis of Blood Flow in Arteries

This chapter provides a thorough analysis of the use of CFD in biomedical engineering, with a particular emphasis on the analysis of arterial dynamics and blood flow. The complexity of fluid flow in biological systems, governing equations, and the significance of meshing and discretization techniques for accurate simulations are covered in the first sections of the chapter. To guarantee a suitable depiction of fluid interactions, several boundary criteria are provided, including velocity inlets, outlets, wall conditions, and symmetry conditions. This chapter also includes useful examples for studying blood flow simulation in the brachial artery using 2D and 3D models. Additionally discussed is the effect of arterial constriction on bifurcating arteries and the analysis of the blood flow patterns, circulations, vortices, wall shear, and pressure contours that occur. Overall, the chapter highlights the potential of CFD to advance biomedical engineering for better medical diagnoses, therapies, and interventions, ultimately improving patient care and vascular health.