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2022 | Buch | 1. Auflage

The Asia-Pacific Region: The New Center of Gravity for International Business Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

International Business in the New Asia-Pacific

Strategies, Opportunities and Threats

herausgegeben von: Terry Wu, Nailin Bu

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Buchreihe : Advances in Theory and Practice of Emerging Markets

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

The Asia-Pacific region, sustaining more than four decades of rapid growth, has emerged as an economic force comparable in significance to Europe and North America. This book examines the economic, geopolitical, technological, demographic, and cultural forces that shape the international business strategies in the Asia-Pacific region. Specifically, it examines the seismic shifts in global business environment since the new century, and addresses emerging opportunities and threats in the Asia-Pacific region.

This book offers new insights for international business in areas such as trade policy, supply chains, international investment, technological innovation, international marketing, digital economy, and human resources. The enclosed comprehensive and diverse analyses of the international business landscape in the New Asia are invaluable to scholars, managers, politicians, and policy makers alike.

This book is engaging and informative. It presents a collection of diverse and cutting-edge topics that offer new insights into International Business activities in the Asia-Pacific region, raising questions for debate and opening pathways for future research. A must-read book for International Business scholars.— Hussain G. Rammal, University of Technology Sydney, Australia

This book offers a comprehensive introduction to the general business environment in Asia. It highlights the complexities and dynamics of doing business in Asia and provides insightful understandings of emerging issues in the region. The chapter-by-chapter analyses of the region depict the rich thematic contexts in which key issues and challenges facing corporate executives as well scholars in international business. I believe that this book is valuable for students of international business, global business environment and regional studies. —Hongxin Zhao, Saint Louis University, USA

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Introduction

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. The Asia-Pacific Region: The New Center of Gravity for International Business
Abstract
The main focus of this chapter is to discuss the context in which this book is conceived. By the turn of the twenty-first century, the Asia-Pacific region had emerged as an economic powerhouse. However, the century began with major developments which have resulted in great challenges as well as enormous opportunities. We identify six of these major developments, namely, economic integration, the global financial crisis, changing international environment, technological competition, an aging population, and the global pandemic; and analyze their implications for the Asia-Pacific region. We also explore how governments and firms in the Asia-Pacific region are beginning to recalibrate their outlooks and strategies, which has already resulted in remarkable transformations in the region. In particular, we examine these transformations from three perspectives: (1) Asia as the world’s manufacturing center, (2) Asia as a thriving consumer market, and (3) Asia as a leading hub for innovation. The chapter then outlines the structure of this book and summarizes the major theme of each chapter.
Nailin Bu, Terry Wu

Changing Business Environment in the New Asia

Frontmatter
Chapter 2. The Changing Business Landscape in an Era of Growing US-China Strategic Rivalry
Abstract
This chapter analyzes the changing business landscape in the Asia-Pacific region amid the growing strategic rivalry between the United States and China. Decades of globalization and economic development have brought about a new order of world powers and new dynamics in international relations. We review the evolution of the US–China relations over the past four decades. We also chronicle some of the most consequential actions and policy measures taken by both sides since 2010 that highlight the strategic competition between the two countries on the economic and technological fronts. We analyze how the current US–China strategic rivalry affects the business landscape and the behaviors of governments and businesses in the Asia-Pacific region. We observe and predict a few significant trends.
Joe Z. Shangguan, Gim S. Seow
Chapter 3. Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP): Implications for the Asia-Pacific Region
Abstract
The chapter examines the implications of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) for the Asia-Pacific region from both the economic and geopolitical perspectives. This free trade agreement is a replacement of the previously negotiated Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) after the US withdrawal. To salvage the TPP from demise, the remaining 11 signatories agreed to proceed with this trade bloc to form the CPTPP. The CPTPP is a modified version of the TPP that was negotiated by the original participating countries. The analysis presents four possible future scenarios for the CPTPP in terms of both threats and opportunities for the Asia-Pacific region.
Terry Wu, Doren Chadee
Chapter 4. Managing a Demographically Driven Labor Shortage: An Assessment of Japan’s Strategic Approach
Abstract
In the decades ahead, the populations of many Asia Pacific region countries will undergo the fastest and most extensive aging on the planet. Japan is the global frontrunner amongst countries with aging populations and has been striving to prevent its labor force from dwindling away. This chapter presents an in-depth examination of the key strategies that the Japanese have adopted in this endeavor. For each strategy, the specific tools used to implement the strategy and the effectiveness of those tools is assessed. In doing so, the key factors undermining the success of each strategy are identified and suggestions on how to proceed are provided.
Jean-Paul Roy
Chapter 5. The Impact of Self-Construals and Thinking Styles on Business and Management Practices: A Comparison of East Asia and North America
Abstract
This chapter outlines the most influential frameworks in cultural psychology, namely self-construals and thinking styles, both of which were developed based on differences between North American and East Asian cultures. We review empirical findings supporting these frameworks. We discuss the profound implications of these cultural frameworks for international business in East Asia, from workplace management and marketing strategies all the way to information exchange and investment decisions. We conclude the chapter with caveats, which identify some common misinterpretations associated with the literature on cultural psychology and the applications for international business.
Albert Lee, Li-Jun Ji, Nailin Bu

Asian Firms’ Business Strategies in the New Century

Frontmatter
Chapter 6. The Broad and Pivotal Roles of Taiwanese Electronics Industry in the Global Electronics Supply Chain: A Case Study of Foxconn and TSMC
Abstract
The electronics industry of Taiwan is a pivotal player along the entire global consumer electronics supply chain, being notable for leading both the capital-intensive segment, such as the production of semiconductor chips and other electronics components, as well as the labor-intensive segment, including final assembly of personal computers and smartphones. In this chapter, we examine Taiwanese electronics industry’s roles in both of these segments by focusing on two Taiwanese giants, Foxconn and Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC), the former being an example for the labor-intensive segment of the supply chain, while the latter being an example of the capital-intensive segment. In particular, we analyze the two focal firms’ respective “playbook” that has led to their enormous success, and explore the emerging challenges they face and their strategic responses to these challenges. The chapter concludes with a brief assessment of the future prospect of these two firms, and by extension, Taiwan’s electronics industry in general.
David Hao, Nailin Bu
Chapter 7. Cross-border Electronic Commerce: The Case of Sake Exports from Japan
Abstract
Electronic commerce has transformed the global business environment, providing a unique distribution channel to companies around the world. Cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) has emerged as a new shopping trend when shoppers purchase products and services online from merchants in other countries. This chapter examines CBEC with special reference to Japan’s sake industry. Although domestic demand of sake has been declining steadily in Japan since the 1970s, foreign exports have increased in recent years. CBEC enables Japanese sake breweries to export their products directly to consumers across the globe. In this study, we conducted simulations on four e-commerce platforms (Amazon, eBay, Tmall Global, and Rakuten) to compare the costs associated with CBEC. Our findings suggest that online operating fee is one of the major considerations in selecting an e-commerce platform for exporting sake via CBEC.
Masahiro Ida, Terry Wu, Kazumi Tada
Chapter 8. Emerging Dragons: How Do Chinese Companies Expand Overseas?
Abstract
Over the past two decades, many Chinese companies have successfully expanded into overseas markets and consequently become known as “emerging dragons.” However, we still don’t know how they achieved success. In this chapter, we examine 35 overseas Chinese companies, consisting of 25 firms selected from 80 Harvard Business Review Cases related to the overseas expansion of Chinese companies, and 10 firms listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange Markets. To ensure the validity of our analysis, we only selected the private business and excluded the state-owned companies from our database. Our analysis reveals five strategic patterns: market dominators, export clusters, technology innovators, culture carriers, and overseas financial investment and supply chain integrators. Following the Political, Economic, Social, Technology (PEST) framework, we discuss how “emerging dragons” in each of the five strategic patterns capitalize on opportunities and avoid threats in uncertain foreign environments.
Man Su, Linda Hui Shi, Meng Zhao, Kang (Frank) Tan
Chapter 9. Managing Global Expansion in the K-Pop Industry: Strategic Lessons from YG Entertainment
Abstract
The last two decades have seen a dramatic rise in South Korean cultural exports, driven by the hallyu phenomenon, or Korean Wave, of increased global interest in South Korean culture. At the center of this trend is the South Korean pop music, or K-pop, industry, whose global growth has had a significant impact on the South Korean economy. In this chapter, we consider some of the key challenges for K-pop firms in the three major international markets of Japan, China, and the United States, focusing on the particular challenges of cultural and political barriers. We examine the case of YG Entertainment and some of its international strategies to meet these challenges. Our analysis of YG’s international expansion experience reveals five core strategic themes supporting their success: leveraging local market knowledge; balancing adaptation and authenticity; localization of production to mitigate political risk; balancing local responsiveness with global brand-building; and, strategically diversifying into related and supporting industries.
Susan Bartholomew, Joey Nadasdi
Chapter 10. Shanzhai (Mountain Village) Vs. Counterfeit Products in China: Conceptualization, Value Drivers, Business Models, and Solutions
Abstract
Shanzhai products that imitated global leading brands’ design and function by using similar yet different trademark, attracted middle- and low-end consumers in the emerging markets. Some shanzhai brands have successfully grown to be reputable brands to challenge global leading brands. Scholars and managers have just started to pay attention to the significant impact of shanzhai products on business and consumers. However, many people are unclear about the distinction between shanzhai and counterfeit. In this chapter, we introduced shanzhai products definition and shanzhai manufacturers’ characteristics. We then summarized consumers’ motives in choosing shanzhai products instead of counterfeit products. Third, we discussed shanzhai business models in emerging economies. Finally, we proposed several shanzhai solutions for original leading brands reference. We hope our research findings could contribute to imitation literature and offer important implications for managers to think about how to address shanzhai challenges.
Yao Qin, Linda Hui Shi, Meng Zhao, Kang (Frank) Tan
Chapter 11. Successful MNC CSR Activities in Asia: A Case Study of Samsung Electro-Mechanics, Thailand Co., LTD.
Abstract
Multinational corporations (MNCs) compete with one other to capture new and better business opportunities, particularly in the emerging markets within Asia. While corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities have been employed as strategic tools for MNCs to enter, survive, and perform in new markets, not all CSR efforts have achieved the desired effects. To better understand the key features of successful CSR activities by MNCs in and of Asia, we examined the case of a Korean MNC in Thailand: Samsung Electro-Mechanics, Thailand Co., LTD (SEMTHAI). We argue that SEMTHAI’s moral capital, created by its authentic and effective CSR activities, is responsible for its exceptional reputation and success in Thailand. We also attempt to draw both theoretical and managerial implications about successful CSR activities for MNCs in and of Asia.
Na Na Jeon, Sang Hoon Nam

International Business Research and the New Asia

Frontmatter
Chapter 12. Key Research Trends and New Research Frontiers in International Business (IB) Scholarship: A Focus on the Asia-Pacific Region
Abstract
This chapter offers directions for future international business (IB) research on the Asia-Pacific region (APR) based on identified research trends and frontiers. The bibliographic coupling methodology applied to the publications in the top six IB journals in 2010–2019 and the content analysis of the publication keywords are used to identify and analyze IB-APR research frontiers. Time trend analysis of the research frontiers provides strong foundation for identification of the future IB-APR research directions. Emerging markets (EMs), its institutional environment, and diverse aspects of doing business in EMs are the main research directions of IB-APR scholarship.
Tatiana Vashchilko, James Agarwal
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
International Business in the New Asia-Pacific
herausgegeben von
Terry Wu
Nailin Bu
Copyright-Jahr
2022
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Electronic ISBN
978-3-030-87621-0
Print ISBN
978-3-030-87620-3
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87621-0

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